Jaw Pain and Headaches

Jaw Pain and Headache




by Tony Oliveri, P.T.,D.P.T.



Pain related to the joints of the jaw is referred to as temporomandibular joint(TMJ) pain or dysfunction(TMD). The problem is often treated by dentists, oral surgeons and physical therapists. Symptoms may include pain in the head, neck or face and problems such as inability to fully open or close the mouth, difficulty chewing, or locking of the jaw. Many individuals with this problem experience clicking, popping, or cracking when opening or closing their mouth. In some cases, the jaw deviates to one side when the mouth is opened or closed. Some individuals have ringing in their ears or the sensation that their ears are “stuffed”.



Dentists will address TMJ by correcting tooth problems, such as how the top and bottom teeth fit together: occlusion. They also may fit the person for a night splint. In some cases, oral surgery is required. Often, while or after dental problems have been addressed, the sufferer may be sent to a physical therapist. Physical therapy can include exercises, stretching, posture correction, and various treatments to reduce pain.



Physical therapy treatment selection is aided by a determination of the cause of the problem. If the person has had jaw surgery, physical therapy will address regaining normal strength and flexibility for chewing and speaking. Often, people with TMJ problems will have neck pain. Regaining normal neck flexibility and posture is a frequent goal in these cases. Physical therapists may perform stretching to the neck, and sometimes the jaw muscles. One of the most popular treatments for TMJ is a home exercise program. In a home program, the patient is taught exercises which help to restore a normal resting position of the head, neck, jaw and upper shoulder girdle. Other exercises help to normalize opening and closing of the mouth. To reduce or eliminate pain, various treatments, such as infrared, ultrasound, electrical stimulation, heat, ice or massage may be given